Cumulative incidence

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System configuration
- Windows:
  - Versions: 9x/Me/NT/2000/XP/Vista/Win 7
  - Excel: 97 and later
  - Processor: 32 or 64 bits
  - Hard disk: 150 Mb
- Mac OS X:
  - OS: OS X
  - Excel: X, 2004 and 2011
  - Hard disk: 150Mb.

Benefits

Easy and user-friendly
Easy and user-friendly XLSTAT is flawlessly integrated with Microsoft Excel which is the most popular spreadsheet worldwide. This integration makes it one of the simplest available tools to work with as it utilizes the same philosophy as Microsoft Excel. The program is accessible in a dedicated XLSTAT tab. The analyses are grouped into functional menus. The dialog boxes are user-friendly and setting up an analysis is straightforward.
Data and results shared seamlessly
Data and results shared seamlessly One of the greatest advantages of XLSTAT is the way you can share data and results seamlessly. As the results are stored in Microsoft Excel, anyone can access them. There is no need for the receiver to have an XLSTAT license or any additional viewer which makes your team-work easier and more affordable. In addition, results are easily integrable into other Microsoft Office software such as PowerPoint, so that you can create striking presentation in minutes.
Modular
Modular XLSTAT is a modular product. XLSTAT-Pro is a core statistical module of XLSTAT which includes all the mainstream functionalities in statistics and multivariate analysis. More advanced features contained in add-on modules can be added for specific applications. This way you can adapt the software to your needs making the software more cost-efficient.
Didactic
Didactic The results of XLSTAT are organized by analysis and are easy to navigate. Moreover useful information is provided along with the results to assist you in your interpretation.
Affordable
Affordable XLSTAT is a complete and modular analytical solution that can suit any analytical business needs. It is very reasonably priced so that the return of your investment is almost immediate. Any XLSTAT license comes with top level support and assistance.
Accessible - Available in many languages
Accessible - Available in many languages We have ensured XLSTAT is accessible to everyone by making the program available in many languages, including Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese and Spanish.
Automatable and customizable
Automatable and customizable Most of the statistical functions available in XLSTAT can be called directly from the Visual Basic window of Microsoft Excel. They can be modified and integrated to more code to fit to the specificity of your domain. Adding tables and plots as well as modifying existing outputs becomes easy. Furthermore, XLSTAT includes some special tools on the dialog boxes to generate automatically the VBA code in order to reproduce your analysis using the VBA editor or to simply load pre-set settings. This effortless automation of routine analysis will be a huge time saver on your part.

What is cumulative incidence

The cumulative incidence allows estimating the impact when several competitive events may occur. It is usually called competing risks case. The time intervals should not necessarily be regular. XLSTAT allows the treatment of censored data in competing risks and to compare different groups within the population.

For a given period, the cumulative incidence is the probability that an observation still included in the analysis at the beginning of this period will be affected by an event during the period. It is especially appropriate in the case of competing risks, that is to say, when several types of events may occur.

This technique is used for the analysis of survival data, whether individuals (cancer research, for example) or products (resistance time of a production tool, for example): some individuals die (in this case we will have 2 causes of death: from the disease or an other cause), the products break (in this case we can model different breaking points), but others leave the study because they heal, you lose track of them (moving for example) or because the study was discontinued. The first type of data is usually called "failure data", or "event data", while the second is called "censored data".

Censoring of data for cumulative incidence

There are several types of censoring of survival data:

Left censoring: when an event is reported at time t=t(i), we know that the event occurred at t * t(i).
Right censoring: when an event is reported at time t=t(i), we know that the event occurred at t * t(i), if it ever occurred.
Interval censoring: when an event is reported at time t=t(i), we know that the event occurred during [t(i-1); t(i)].
Exact censoring: when an event is reported at time t=t(i), we know that the event occurred exactly at t=t(i).

The cumulative incidence method requires that the observations are independent. Second, the censoring must be independent: if you consider two random individuals in the study at time t-1, if one of the individuals is censored at time t, and if the other survives, then both must have equal chances to survive at time t. There are four different types of independent censoring:

Simple type I: all individuals are censored at the same time or equivalently individuals are followed during a fixed time interval.
Progressive type I: all individuals are censored at the same date (for example, when the study terminates).
Type II: the study is continued until n events have been recorded.
Random: the time when a censoring occurs is independent of the survival time.

When working with competing risks, the different types of events can happen only once, after the event has occurred, the observation is withdrawn from the analysis. We can calculate the risk of occurrence of an event in the presence of competitive events. XLSTAT allows you to compare the types of events but also to take account of groups of observations (depending on the treatment administered, for example).

Results for the cumulative incidence in XLSTAT

Cumulative incidence table

This table displays the various results obtained from the analysis, including:

Interval start lime: lower bound of the time interval.
At risk: number of individuals that were at risk.
Events i: number of events of type i recorded.
All types of events: number of events of all types recorded.
Censored: number of censored data recorded.
Cumulative incidence: Cumulative incidence obtained for event I at the considered time.
Cumulative incidence standard error.
Cumulative incidence confidence interval.

Cumulative Survival function

The Cumulative Survival function table displays the various results obtained from the analysis, including:

Interval start lime: lower bound of the time interval.
At risk: number of individuals that were at risk.
Events i: number of events of type i recorded.
All types of events: number of events of all types recorded.
Censored: number of censored data recorded.
Cumulative survival function: Cumulative survival function obtained for event i at the considered time.
Cumulative survival function standard error.
Cumulative survival function confidence interval.